Водородная энергетика

Computer modelling of the mechanical stress state originating at manufacturing and heating to a working temperature of cells of the SOFC of a tubular design with classical functional materials (Ni-YSZ)/YSZ/LSM is developed. Electrolyte-supported and anode-supported cells are observed, and also the residual stresses originating by manufacture of the module a cone-cone with direct anode-cathode contact are simulated. Simulation of process of manufacturing anode-supported cells display that there is no the stress, able to lead to cell rupture.

The effect of electrolyte humidity on charge-discharge behavior of electrodes from graphite, thin-film amorphous silicon and thin-film composites ``silicon–carbon'' is estimated. Rise of humidity from 50 to 400 ppm is shown to accelerating capacity fade of graphite electrode by order of the magnitude. Electrode with 0.2 μm amorphous silicon film keeps the cyclability in electrolytes with water content up to 3000 ppm however its capacity diminishes upon humidity increase.

The additive into electrolyte SO₂ allowing to realize the intercalation of lithium ions into spectral-pure graphite is shown in the work given. The monolayer of SO₂ restoration products possessing the properties of solid inter phase electrolyte is formed on the material given. The formation of the surface layer requires 160±15 mA·h/g.

Pathbreaking studies of electrochemical graphite bisulphate synthesis from artificial graphite produced from hydrolyzed lignin and further production of high quality thermal expanded graphite are described. The studies show that any oxidation level can be achieved as well as over oxidized graphite may be produced at graphite bisulphate synthesis. Parameters of graphite bisulphate synthesis and thermal expanded graphite parameters are close to those of graphite bisulphate and thermal expanded graphite produced from natural graphite's.

The electrochemical and electrocatalitical properties complexes on the paraphenilendiamine basis investigating in alkaline solution by cyclicvoltammetry method. Was determined redox potentials connected with the transformation the compounds-making ion and organic ligand. Stating the value of electrocatalytic activity in molecular oxygen electroreduction.

Depolarization of anode by sulfurous anhydride allows to reduce power inputs on hydrogen production in 1.5 times. The reason which prevents commercialization of this process is realization impossibility of industrial electrolysis current density because of SO₂ feeding diffusion limitation to anodic catalytic layer. Pressure influence on water electrolysis process with depolarization anode by sulfurous anhydride in solid polymer electrolyte electrolyzers is examined.

Composition and structure of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell catalytic layers were investigated. Modelling of catalytic layer vas considered. This model allows to calculate layers containing particles of polymer and the catalyst of various forms and sizes. Dependence of conductivity and active layer surface area on concentration of polymer particles is shown. Best performance of a fuel cell is observed at the polymer concentration in a layer of 30–35% vol.

In article, based on the made researches on optimization of design data of valve-regulated lead/acid battery, the (technique) method of their calculation for standby application is given.

Behavior of PH/P1 lithiated iron phosphate (Phostech Lithium Inc, Canada) used as positive electrode material for Li-ion battery with LiPF₆-based electrolyte was investigated. Specific capacity of the material reached 130 mA·h/g at a rate of 0.5С and 20°C, 105 mA·h/g (1С) and 95 mA·h/g (2.1C). Cell capacity increased by 20% during first 50 cycles and minor capacity fade at a rate of 0.04% per cycle is observed after 300 cycle when cycled at 2C rate versus carbon negative electrode (CMS, PRC).

Ethanol electrooxidation catalyst PtSn (3:1, 40% Pt) on pyrolytic double-walled carbon nanotubes as a carrier was synthesized by means of modified polyol method. Electrocatalytic activity of the synthesized catalyst in model conditions (0.5М H₂SO₄ + 1М С₂Н₅ОН) is higher than that for analogous catalyst on XC 72 carbon and equals to 70 mA/mg_cat (E = 0.4 V).