Кислотные аккумуляторы

The thermal model of the power plant based on the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) fed with methane is developed. The power plant includes three heat-generating zones: a fuel-cell stack, a reactor of partial oxidation (RPO), and an afterburner. It is shown that temperature distribution along the battery depends on three factors: a methane consumption, a methane to air relation in the flow fed to the RPO, and a battery current.

A series of solid phases (mixed lithium-iron-manganese phosphates) of the common formula LiMnyFe1−yPO4 (0 ≤ y ≤ 1) with a carbon coating on the particle surface was synthesized by mechanochemical activation with carbothermal reduction. The synthesized mixed phosphates were examined as promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The positive effect of replacement of a rather small fraction of iron by manganese is shown, which improves the electrochemical performance at the rates C/10–10C.

Influence of a suspension of particles of the positive active material (PAM) in electrolyte on operation of the negative plate of the lead-acid battery is studied. The significant increase in speed of corrosion of a lead plate in case of contact of particles of PAM with its surface that can lead to appearance macro-defects on lugs of the negative plates is demonstrated. 

A high-temperature solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell using H3PO4-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) as proton-exchange membrane has been developed and tested. The influences of temperature (in a range between 130 and 170 °C), pressure (in a range between 1 and 3 bars) and air flow rate onto fuel cell performances have been studied. A maximum output power density of 200 mW cm−2 · has been obtained. The existence of an optimum air flow rate (expressed in oxygen stoichiometric ratio) has been put into evidence.

Properties of Dye Solar Cells with quasi solid electrolytes based on PEG have been investigated. The attempts to enhance the electrolyte conductivity was made with Li electrolyte introduction. 

In this paper, we investigated the possibility of determining the internal resistance of the battery by pulsed method with followed Fourier transformation in transition characteristics. The changes of internal resistance of lithium sulfur cells were studied in dependence on the discharge and charge depths during continuous cycling by proposed method. It was shown that the internal resistance of lithium sulfur cell was maximal at the point corresponding to the transition between high-voltage and low-voltage plateaus both at the charge curves and at the discharge curves.

Structure of thin-film electrodes manufactured by layer-by-layer magnetron sputtering of Si and Al in the environment with small oxygen additives has been studied. Charge-discharge behavior of these electrodes was studied as well. It is shown that such electrodes are able to stable cycling with marginal irreversible capacity. 

The new composite material on the basis of polytitanates of potassium and the ionic conductor of iodide of silver with extremely high dielectric permeability is synthesized. Impedance and dielectric characteristics of the received material are investigated.

It is shown that the nonlinear structural model of the battery can be used for modeling the voltage relaxation processes after a charge of batteries. The solution obtained is valid for alkaline, acid and lithium-ion batteries. Comparison of solutions, with the experimental data for nickel-cadmium batteries, showed, that the relative error does not exceed 3%.

The possibility of using organic esters of phosphoric acid as a solvents for the electrolyte for lithium-ion systems and supercapacitors was investigated. Supercapacitors based on activated carbon Norit Supra and on the electrolyte being studied showed fine electrochemical performance which is comparable with standard electrolytes based on propylene carbonate. Lithium-ion batteries (Li4Ti5O12-LiNiO2 system) also showed a good performance.