Электрохимические конденсаторы

A 350–400 V storage battery is necessary as a buffer or auxiliary battery for electrically driven car with fuel cell power plant developed at UEIP together with «AvtoVAZ». With this aim in view, the development of batteries with filter-press configuration based on nickel metal hydride system is of great interest.

Using graphs of voltage change on the battery charged with direct and asymmetric current and of corresponding discharges we find this mathematical descriptions, energy consumption for charging and quantity of energy for discharge are specified by integration; comparative characteristics of charge efficiency are specified.

Research results of accelerated forming of nickel-cadmium and battery cell by asymmetrical current are given. The comparative data on the forming by directive current are given. The chosen mode of forming by asymmetrical current has allowed to reduce cycle quantity and total molding time by factor of 3 at smaller rate of gas evolution and heat in comparison with the forming mode by directive current. Control of battery self-discharge confirmed preservation of required battery performances at forming by asymmetrical current.

Gel polymer electrolytes (GPE) based on polyester diacrylates and 1 M LiBF₄ in ? -butirolactone are synthesized and studied. Bulk conductivity has made (3.65 – 2.04)·10 ^{– 3} Ohm ^–1·cm ^{– 1} at room temperature for GPE with introduction 10 – 20 w/w. % polyester diacrylate. Temperature dependences of electrochemical properties of GPE in an interval from -17° up to +50°С are Studied. Electrochemical properties the GPE inserted in polypropylene separators of different kinds are investigated.

Effect of graphite addition to negative material and of new material of negative grids of VRLA batteries have been studied for partial-state-of-charge applications.

The work procedure on thermal balance evaluation in lead-acid battery.

A way of preliminary chemical activation of the MH electrode has been developed. A breadboard model of the battery with chemically activated MH electrodes was assembled and tested. The influence of preliminary chemical activation on the electrochemical and structural characteristics of the MH electrode was studied. The opportunity to exclude the technological operation of addition of metal binding materials into the active mass of the MH electrode is shown.

DOI: 10.18500/1608-4039-2015-15-4-160-166

Behavior of electrodes based on activated carbon P2 (Ener G2) wih additions of plain carbon black, as well as carbon black doped with silver nanoparticles have been studied. Depending on potential range and polarization direction the electrodes were found to reveal a capacitance close to double-layer or pseudocapacitance.

Influence of concentration of antimony, tin, cadmium in lead-antimony alloys, also calcium, silver and barium in lead-calcium alloys for speed of allocation of hydrogen and oxygen was studied. It is shown, that alloying lead-antimony alloys cadmium or tin increases overpotential of allocation of hydrogen. The Introduction of cadmium in an alloy also increases overpotential of allocation of oxygen. Tin, on the contrary, causes decrease in overpotential of allocation of oxygen.

The cathodic catalyst based on pyropolymer of tetra(4-methoxyphenyl)- porphyrin cobalt (PP CoTMPP/C) on AD-100 carbon black in alkaline electrolyte was synthesized and investigated. The comparison of specific activity of the catalyst of PP CoTMPP/C in modeling conditions and in structure of gas-diffusion electrode was performed. It was shown the rate of oxygen reduction in modeling conditions is higher to some extent than one in gas-diffusion electrode.