Топливные элементы

In this paper a new design of a container is detailed for sealed lead-acid battery operating overboard of a submersible vehicle in conditions of increased ambient pressure. Such a container is both a battery jar and a pressure compensator. It has been shown that a mandatory requirement for such container use is an application of a gelled-electrolyte. Authors have offered a two-stage technology of filling of accumulators without using vacuum pumping.

The Work is devoted to the research of influence of superficial processings of bipolar plates (BP) on specific electric characteristics of fuel ce)(s (FC). Researches were conducted on plates on the basis of the titan. Two methods of processing BP are considered: electrochemical gilding and ionic implantation of carbon. In work short descriptions of the resulted technologies, and also a technique and results of experiments are presented. In work it is shown that as gilding, and ionic implantation carbon titanic BP electric characteristics FC improve.

The influence of the way of introduction of metallic nickel as a binder into the active mass of the metal hydride electrode (MH) on the discharge characteristics of the NMH-6-type hermetically-sealed nickel-MH batteries was examined.

A comparative study was made of the electrochemical characteristics of metal hydride (MH) electrodes based on powder compositions of various granulometric characteristics. The electrochemical discharge capacity of the MH electrode has been found to be strongly dependent of the linear grain size of the hydrogen-sorbing alloy and carbonylic nickel. An increase in the dispersity degree of the hydrogen-sorbing alloy powder leads to reduction of the discharge characteristics of the MH electrode. A reverse dependence is observed for carbonylic nickel.

The method for air purification from carbon dioxide gas in operating electrochemical cell at oxygen pump mode is considered. The work suggests a mechanism of CO₂ removal. The effect of a number of parameters to CO₂ removal is discussed. A scheme of module application for air purification from CO₂ completed with Alkaline Fuel Cell Stack (AFCS) is proposed. Provided is a method for alkaline electrolyte decarbonization.

The information on volumetric properties for a following most often of used aprotic solvents acetonitrile, γ-butirolactone, 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofurane, 1,2-dimetoxyethane, methyl acetate, 2-methyltetrahydrofurane, nitromethane, propylene carbonate, sulfolane, tetrahydrofurane and thionylchloride are considered. The temperature dependencies of density, specific and molar volumes, structural radiuses of molecules of solvents and coefficients of packaging of molecules of solvents are described.

State-of-the-art development of the reversible electrochemical systems with proton-exchange membrane for cyclic direct and reverse transformation of electric energy to the chemical ones is considered in this review. Concept of reversible cells and areas of theirs application are described. Possible schemes of organization of the reversible systems operation, and catalytic, electrode and membrane materials used in them are analyzed.

The article contains the review of scientific-technical publications concerning a use of borohydrides in fuel cells and chemical generator over a period of 2000–2009. Their scientific basis principles of operation, prospects of utilization, and possible technologies are examined.

When a chemical power source is in current generation mode its voltage decreases because of polarization, in particular because of concentration polarization, caused by electrodes electrolyte concentration change. It is possible to decrease the concentration polarization in oxyhydrogen flic! cells by means of water diffusion flow running through the electrolyte; in this case two types of electrochemical cells – the fuel cell itself and the concentration cell – operate jointly.

There are the equations for the calculation of the efficiency of the hybrid power plant consisting of the electrochemical power plant on base of the high temperature fuel cells with the solid oxide electrolyte fn the gas turbine. These equations were used for the analysis of influence of the current density, internal resistance and other parameters on the hybrid power plant efficiency. The graphic method was used for the determination of the utilization fuel influence on the the hybrid power plant efficiency.